Chapter 4 Case Studies in information organizations.
Case Study Approach
Application of specific qualitative research methods in a specific setting. Blanket term, tends to be limited to a specific setting subject or event.
Studies:
Observational: Participant observation normally in an information agency with the focus on component (AL: must be familiar with how the agency operates, how is this done?, How do we remove bias?).
Interview: Hybrid of observational study and life history case study ( AL: again what about biases?). Flexible. All questions are tentative and cast only when research results are written. Does have a structure.
Organizational: Focus in development over time. Uses written records (annual reports (AL: are they not made to favor the company in the view of stockholders? Policy statements ( Al: Are these not designed to be politically correct?). Major problem is that they may not be adequate.
Historical Life History: Overlap with organization case studies. Focus on well-know individual. (AL: Bias with this individual and their documented ‘memory’?)
Multi-site: used for the sake of diversity. (AL: How are sites picked?, )
Comparative case studies. Look at contrast.(AL How are they standardized?).
Analytic induction: Specific problem becomes the focus. Descriptive model created. (Definition-> examination of definition -> modified definition -> redefines definition -> creates a universal relationship)
Constant comparative method.(Glaser and Strauss) Uses multiple data sources. Six stages ( collect data, develop focus categories, continue data collection of multiple instances, written description of categories, discover basic processes, code-sample-write.
Quizotic reliability – method yields unvarying measurement.
Diachronic reliability – stability of observation.
Synchronic reliability – similarity of observations.
Insure reliability:
Consistent note taking.
Immersion in the context.
Exposure to multiple situations.
Consult other research for assistance.
Validity
Linked to ‘truth’.
Face validity: observations fit the pattern.
Criterion validity: employs an additional method of inquiry.
Construct validity: meaning in light of the conceptual framework.
Reliability and validity play a major role. (AL: Controlled by careful attention to bias and possible use of triangulation).
Case Study Approach
Application of specific qualitative research methods in a specific setting. Blanket term, tends to be limited to a specific setting subject or event.
Studies:
Observational: Participant observation normally in an information agency with the focus on component (AL: must be familiar with how the agency operates, how is this done?, How do we remove bias?).
Interview: Hybrid of observational study and life history case study ( AL: again what about biases?). Flexible. All questions are tentative and cast only when research results are written. Does have a structure.
Organizational: Focus in development over time. Uses written records (annual reports (AL: are they not made to favor the company in the view of stockholders? Policy statements ( Al: Are these not designed to be politically correct?). Major problem is that they may not be adequate.
Historical Life History: Overlap with organization case studies. Focus on well-know individual. (AL: Bias with this individual and their documented ‘memory’?)
Multi-site: used for the sake of diversity. (AL: How are sites picked?, )
Comparative case studies. Look at contrast.(AL How are they standardized?).
Analytic induction: Specific problem becomes the focus. Descriptive model created. (Definition-> examination of definition -> modified definition -> redefines definition -> creates a universal relationship)
Constant comparative method.(Glaser and Strauss) Uses multiple data sources. Six stages ( collect data, develop focus categories, continue data collection of multiple instances, written description of categories, discover basic processes, code-sample-write.
Quizotic reliability – method yields unvarying measurement.
Diachronic reliability – stability of observation.
Synchronic reliability – similarity of observations.
Insure reliability:
Consistent note taking.
Immersion in the context.
Exposure to multiple situations.
Consult other research for assistance.
Validity
Linked to ‘truth’.
Face validity: observations fit the pattern.
Criterion validity: employs an additional method of inquiry.
Construct validity: meaning in light of the conceptual framework.
Reliability and validity play a major role. (AL: Controlled by careful attention to bias and possible use of triangulation).
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